Pubblicazioni

Non-invasive brain stimulation targets and approaches to modulate gambling-related decisions: A systematic review

M, Pettorusso; A, Miuli; C, Di Natale; F, Zoratto; L, De Risio; D', ; G, Andrea; P, N Dannon; G, Martinotti; M, Di Giannantonio

Abstract:

Introduction: Despite intense neuroscience research on the neurobiological underpinnings of Gambling Disorder (GD) and gambling-related decision-making, effective treatments targeting these dysfunctions are still lacking. Non Invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), selectively modulate activity of brain circuits and have the potential to reverse alterations sustaining GD symptoms. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to determine the impact of different NIBS interventions on gambling-related decision processes. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive and translational search in three online databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science), in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. We included studies applying neuromodulation (TMS, tDCS) techniques in GD patients or assessing gambling-related decision-making in healthy subjects. In addition, we explored the potential impact of NIBS in drug-induced GD (e.g., Parkinson's Disease). Results: Twenty-seven studies have been included. We summarized results to detect the impact of different targets and stimulation/inhibition protocols in terms of gambling-related decision-making. The majority of both tDCS and TMS studies targeted the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Although heterogeneous in protocols and parameters, results from tDCS and TMS studies converge in indicating that the stimulation (instead of inhibition) of prefrontal regions could be beneficial to contrast dysfunctional gambling-related decision processes. Conclusion: NIBS interventions show promise to be further tested in controlled clinical settings for the treatment of behavioral addictions. Further studies are also necessary to investigate connectivity changes and laterality issues (unilateral versus bilateral; left versus right) of NIBS application in GD.

Patologie/Applicazioni:

• Dipendenze
• Stimolazione Magnetica Transcranica (TMS)

Anno:

2020

Tipo di pubblicazione:

Articolo

Parola chiave:

TMS; gioco d'; azzardo; corteccia prefrontale; tdcs; neuromodulazione

Testata scientifica:

ScienceDirect

Nota:

In questo articolo si esaminano 27 studi che applicano tecniche di neuromodulazione (TMS, tDCS) in pazienti con disturbo da gioco d'azzardo o che valutano il processo decisionale relativo al gioco d'azzardo in soggetti sani. Sebbene eterogenei nei protocolli e nei parametri, i risultati degli studi tDCS e TMS convergono nell'indicare che la stimolazione (anziché l'inibizione) delle regioni prefrontali potrebbe essere utile per contrastare i processi decisionali disfunzionali legati al gioco d'azzardo.

DOI:

10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106657